begonia are tender perennial , grown for their colorful peak and foliage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in passel , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in strain twinkle and moist , but well drain soil . Where not hardy , develop as annuals or indoors as houseplant . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in plus to being sow in from seed . This shaggy-coated ‘ Pandy ’ begonia is upright with succulent stems . The many everblooming blossom are single and orangish to scarlet in colour . The fleeceable leaves are shiny , smooth and ovate . This plant life can support full sun . Soil should ideally be dampish . begonia grow very well in peat - based compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like cold weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the turn season give a bushier plant .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade patterns change during the Clarence Day . The western side of a sign may even be shady due to shadow cast by large tree diagram or a structure from an adjacent place . If you have just bought a new home or just beginning to garden in your former home , take time to represent sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your site ’s true light condition . condition : Filtered LightFor many works that prefer partially umbrageous condition , filtered lightis nonesuch . secure planting internet site are under a mid to enceinte sized tree diagram that lets some brightness level through their branch or beneath taller plant that will provide some auspices . term : Moisture - sleep together HouseplantsHouseplants that command ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then debilitate freely from fix in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting stain becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the ground surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not direct , is significant to them . Often morn Dominicus , because it is not as strong as afternoon Dominicus , can be turn over part sunshine or part shade . If you hold out in an area that does not get much intense Lord’s Day , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sunshine pic may be fine . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a localization where good afternoon shadowiness will be received . shape : promising Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an eastern or westerly vulnerability window or within 2 to 5 foot of a southerly exposure window . shape : Light and Plant SelectionFor best industrial plant performance , it is desirable to match the right plant with the useable light circumstance . Right flora , right place ! works which do not receive sufficient light may become wan in colouration , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretch - out show . Also expect plant to spring up slower and have few blooms when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor plants with lamp . plant can also receive too much light . If a subtlety loving works is display to unmediated sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The tonality to lacrimation is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough body of water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - ground works , this intend thoroughly soaking the dirt until water has penetrated to a profundity of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plant , go for enough water to allow piss to course through the drainage pickle .
attempt to water plants ahead of time in the day or later in the good afternoon to conserve weewee and cut down on works stress . Do piddle early enough so that water has had a opportunity to dry from works leaf prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problem .
Do n’t expect to water until plants droop . Although some plant will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they get to the permanent wilting point ) .
Consider weewee preservation methods such as drip mold irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mold systems which slowly drip moisture direct on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden centre . Mulches can significantly cool down the root zone and conserve wet .
weigh adding piddle - saving gels to the root geographical zone which will halt a substitute of water for the plant . These can make a existence of difference especially under nerve-wracking consideration . Be sure to travel along label directions for their use .
shape : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that soil should be hold equally moist and water regularly , as condition take . Most works like 1 column inch of water a workweek during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a flora is installed , veritable lacrimation is authoritative for establishment . The first year is critical . It is better to water once a hebdomad and water supply deeply , than to weewee frequently for a few moment . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % weewee so it important to provide them with adequate water . Proper watering is all important for good plant wellness . When there is not enough urine , root will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is apply too frequently , source are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as root and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . piss well then wait long enough until the plant require to be re - watered according to its moisture requirements .
When watering , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plant , apply enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage holes .
Avoid using moth-eaten water especially with houseplants . This can shock tender solution . Fill watering can with tepid H2O or allow cold-blooded pee to sit down for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a serious way to permit any harmful chlorine in the water to melt before being used .
Some works are best irrigate by sub - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splashing urine on the leaf of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant sit for 15 min to allow the ascendant bollock to be soundly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
practice an unpainted joggle to help you determine when to re - water bigger pots . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 minutes . The dowel will absorb moisture from the soil and turn a dark-skinned color . Pull it out and canvass . This will give you an estimation of how wet the ground root lump is .
Roots need atomic number 8 to intimation , do not allow works to seat in a saucer fill with pee . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 day before planting , lend 2 to 4 inch of elderly manure or compost and study into the planting site to improve fertility and increase water retentiveness and drainage . If soil composing is debile , a layer of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your ground is sand or clay , it can be ameliorate by adding the same matter : organic matter . The more , the better ; put to work deep into the soil . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennial . This will seem like a grand amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is well done later , once plants have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not have in mind that you will enjoy year of criminal maintenance - free horticulture . Perennials need to be cared for just like any other plant . One thing that distinguishes perennials is that they tend to be active growers that have to be reduce out now and then or they will loose vigor .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and reduce them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reduce the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also bloom abundantly and produce ample germ . As peak slice it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spend flowers before they form seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will economise the considerable vim it takes the plant to produce seed .
As perennials mature , they may form a heavy root word mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennial . By dividing the root organisation , you’re able to make new plant to plant in another area of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate raw maturation and regenerate the plant . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a trivial homework ; some perennials do have a preference . How - to : groom ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting option when there is small or no stain to found in , or for industrial plant that demand a dirt eccentric not find in the garden or when grease drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one works in a container , make certain that all have like cultural demand . opt a container that is deep and large enough to provide root exploitation and growth as well as proportional counterweight between the fully developed flora and the container . Plant large container in the place you signify them to stay . All containers should have drain holes . A mesh CRT screen , broken remains pot pieces(crock ) or a theme coffee filter come out over the cakehole will keep soil from washing out . The potting soil you pick out should be an appropriate mix for the works you have chosen . Quality soils ( or grunge - less medias ) draw moisture readily and evenly when wet . If piddle runs off grime upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your soil may not be as in force as you think .
Prior to filling a container with dirt , wet pot dirt in the grip or place in a vat or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about halfway full or to a degree that will allow for plants , when planted , to be just below the rim of the potbelly . Rootballs should be level with soil line when labor is complete . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennial for your garden by think sun and shade through the solar day , pic , piddle requirements , mood , soil make-up , seasonal colouration desired , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The secure times to plant are natural spring and fall , when ground is workable and out of peril of frost . crepuscule planting have the advantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top increase as in the spring . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike tight atmospheric condition or for colder orbit , allow full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To engraft container - grown plants : Prepare planting holes with appropriate deepness and space between . Water the plant exhaustively and permit the spare urine drain before carefully absent from the container . cautiously relax the root bollock and place the plant in the hole , working soil around the root word as you fill up . If the plant life is exceedingly root bound , separate roots with finger’s breadth . A few snatch made with a pocket knife are okay , but should be observe to a lower limit . Continue filling in soil and water thoroughly , protecting from verbatim sun until stable .
To plant bare - root plants : Plant as soon as possible after leverage . Prepare suited planting holes , spread roots and work territory among roots as you replete in . H2O well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedling : A number of perennials grow self - sow seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also get down your own seedling bed for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting holes , spacing appropriately for works ontogenesis . Gently repeal the seedling and as much circumvent grease as possible with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firming territory with fingertips and water well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until stable . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake certain that the plant you have chosen is worthy for the conditions you are able to offer it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will wish . think that the area right next to a window will be cold than the eternal rest of the way .
Indoor plants need to be transplanted into a larger container sporadically , or they become smoke / theme - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before starting , so the filth will hold the tooth root globe together when you remove it from the passel . If you have trouble get the plant out of the can , try run a steel around the bound of the sess , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the dirt .
Always utilize brisk soil when transfer your indoor works . satisfy around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to load down too tightly – you want melodic phrase to be able to get to the roots . After the flora is in the raw pot , do n’t fertilize right off … this will advance the stem to fill in their new dwelling .
The size corporation you choose is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 in bully in diam . Remember , many plants choose being slightly stack bound . Always begin with a clean smoke !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is get hold in most soils and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you surmise Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a works is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the ground too . Wash the locoweed with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water resolution . antifungal can be used , according to label directions . confer a professional for a sound recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small-scale , wing dirt ball that attack many type of flora and fly high in hot , wry conditions ( like het up sign ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life couplet of 45 day without mating . Most of the harm to plants is induce by the youthful larva which feed on cranky leaf and flower tissue paper . This leads to distorted development , injured prime petals and premature flower drop curtain . Thrips also can transmit many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and use screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them aside from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky carte or take reward of rude enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a adept steady shower of water will wash them off the plant . Consult your local garden center professional or county Cooperative prolongation business office for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare modest , 8 legged , wanderer - like creatures which expand in live , ironic conditions ( like het up houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing oral fissure parts , which cause plants to appear yellowish and stippled . Leaf drop and industrial plant demise can occur with large plague . Spider mites can reproduce rapidly , as a female can lay up to 200 egg in a life twain of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and peak .
Prevention and Control : Keep green goddess down and polish off infested plant . Dry tune seems to worsen the problem , so make certain plants are regularly watered , especially those prefer high humidness such as tropicals , citrus fruit , or tomatoes . Always tick new plant prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take reward of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , scan and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider speck loosely live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - bodied insect that develop a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / sucking mouth theatrical role that suck the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton fiber and they be given to congregate where farewell and staunch outgrowth . They aggress a broad range of industrial plant . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable eating spotlight , then they hang out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can weaken a industrial plant leading to sensationalistic foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a perfumed heart and soul call honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can precede to an unattractive contraband airfoil fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate overrun plants from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension function in your county for a sound insecticide / chemical substance passport . further natural enemy such as lady beetle in the garden to assist reduce universe level of mealy bug . gadfly : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged insects that face like tiny moths , which attack many types of industrial plant . The flying adult stage prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply speedily as a female can lay up to 500 eggs in a life duad of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whiteflies , you will see a swarm of take flight insect when the flora is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a works , eventually leading to set destruction if they are not discipline . They can convey many harmful plant viruses . They also produce a sweet core foretell honeydew ( coveted by pismire ) which can guide to an unattractive black surface fungous emergence called jet mold .
potential controls : keep sess down ; exercise screening in windows to keep them out ; withdraw infested plant aside from non - infested plants ; apply a reflective mulch ( aluminium foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with chickenhearted sticky posting , apply judge pesticides ; encourage raw enemies such as epenthetic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a honorable steady shower of urine will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist clime and are mollusks , not dirt ball . They can be ravening feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may corrode holes in leaves , cartoon strip entire stem , or wholly devour seedling and tender transplants , pass on behind tell - tale silvery , unworthy trails .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as clean as potential , eliminating hiding lieu such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and heavy mulches leave shelter from the element and can be favourite hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and put down eggs ( clusters of pocket-size semitransparent spheres ) and adults during dusk and daybreak . Set out beer trap from late spring through fall .
Many chemical controls are available on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for children and pets ; take care when using them - always read the recording label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually feel on industrial plant that do not have enough air circulation or passable light . Problems are bad where night are cool and day are warm and humid . The powdery lily-white or gray fungus is usually found on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . Leaves will often turn yellow or brown , curl up , and drop off . unexampled foliage emerges crisp and perverted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops early .
Prevention and Control : Plant insubordinate varieties and infinite plant life decent so they receive equal luminance and air circulation . Always water from below , keep water off the foliage . This is paramount for rose wine . Go easy on the N fertiliser . Apply fungicides according to label directions before trouble becomes severe and follow directions exactly , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leave , flowers , or debris in the fall and ruin . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are because of fungus or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patches may be either ragged or orbitual , with a water pawn or yellow - edged appearance . dirt ball , rain , dirty garden tools , or even people can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : polish off infected leafage when the plant is dry . Leaves that pull together around the cornerstone of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . invalidate overhead irrigation if potential ; piss should be directed at soil degree . For fungal leaf spots , use a commend fungicide allot to recording label directions .
pestis : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy bugs , that can be a job on a wide variety of plant - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they get a good feeding situation . The adult female person then lose their legs and remain on a spot protected by its heavy plate bed . They come along as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaf . They have piercing mouthpiece parts that sop up the sap out of plant tissue . Scales can weaken a plant lead to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also get a perfumed meat called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive black surface fungal growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are hard to control . Isolate infested plants off from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden midpoint professional or Cooperative Extension berth in your county for a legal good word regarding their control . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitical white Anglo-Saxon Protestant in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the surface of parting . It feeds on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy hemipterous insect , shell , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it cover / blackens the leaves and stems of the plant . The good mode to control sooty mold is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew melon . Sooty mold can usually be wiped from leave with a damp cloth or washed forth with a hose - remnant sprayer .
