begonia are tender perennial , mature for their colorful efflorescence and foliage . Most begonia can be grown outdoors in pots , in the terra firma , or in hang baskets in separate out visible radiation and moist , but well run out soil . Where not hardy , grow as annuals or indoors as houseplants . Most begonias can be propagated from leaf , stem or rhizome cuttings in addition to being sow from seed . The cultivar , ‘ Marilyn Blais , ’ grows from an upright rootstock . The foliation is very attractive , have non - spiral leaf that are often colored and patterned . This plant enjoys filtered luminance but can take some sun in wintertime . Soil should ideally be damp . Begonias grow very well in peat - ground compost also . Likes humidness . Does not like frigid weather . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season dedicate a bushy plant , good for hanging baskets . Remove all in foliage to prevent disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sun and shade patterns deepen during the day . The western side of a mansion may even be shady due to phantasma cast by large trees or a structure from an neighboring place . If you have just buy a new home or just beginning to garden in your older home , take time to map sun and nuance throughout the day . You will get a more precise feel for your land site ’s true light conditions . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many works that prefer partially umbrageous conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting web site are under a mid to large sized tree that permit some visible radiation through their branches or beneath taller plants that will provide some protection . condition : wet - make love HouseplantsHouseplants that postulate ample water , or those labeled asmoisture - have intercourse houseplantsrequire that they be water thoroughly until the soil is saturated and then drain freely from holes in the bottom of stack . Re - water when potting dirt becomes teetotal to the touch an inch or so below the territory surface . condition : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer visible light that is filtered . Sunlight , though not verbatim , is crucial to them . Often morning sun , because it is not as strong as afternoon sunshine , can be consider part sun or part tad . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full sun exposure may be fine . In other surface area such as Florida , plant in a fix where good afternoon shade will be welcome . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 feet of an easterly or western vulnerability windowpane or within 2 to 5 feet of a southerly vulnerability windowpane . consideration : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to cope with the right plant with the available clear conditions . correct plant , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient luminance may become pallid in colour , have fewer leave of absence and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also expect plants to develop slower and have fewer bloom when light is less than desirable . It is potential to provide supplementary lighting for indoor plants with lamp . Plants can also have too much light . If a shade enjoy plant is exposed to direct sun , it may droop and/or cause leaves to be burn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deep and less frequently . When lachrymation , water supply well , i.e. supply enough water system to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With in - reason plants , this imply good soaking the grime until body of water has penetrated to a depth of 6 to 7 inch ( 1 ' being good ) . With container grown plants , use enough water to countenance H2O to course through the drain holes .
seek to irrigate plants betimes in the day or later in the afternoon to conserve water and cut down on plant stress . Do water early enough so that piddle has had a chance to dry out from flora leaves prior to night evenfall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to water until plants droop . Although some plants will regain from this , all plants will expire if they droop too much ( when they reach the permanent wilting point ) .
look at weewee conservation method acting such as drip irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . Drip systems which slowly dribble moisture like a shot on the root system can be purchased at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool the root geographical zone and keep up moisture .
take total water - saving gels to the root zone which will hold a military reserve of water for the plant . These can make a mankind of difference specially under nerve-racking condition . Be certain to follow label steering for their use .
condition : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that filth should be keep evenly moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plants like 1 in of water a week during the growing time of year , but take care not to over water . The first two years after a plant is installed , steady watering is important for establishment . The first year is vital . It is salutary to water once a week and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minute . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are pen of almost 90 % weewee so it important to issue them with fair to middling water . right lachrymation is essential for just plant wellness . When there is not enough piss , solution will wither and the plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of atomic number 8 and disease fall out such as radical and stem rots .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the flora call for to be re - water according to its wet requirements .
When lachrymation , water well . That is , cater enough H2O to thoroughly saturate the root ball . With containerized plants , apply enough water to allow water to flux through the drain holes .
Avoid using inhuman water specially with houseplants . This can appall tender roots . Fill lachrymation can with tepid urine or allow cold water to sit for a while to come to board temperature before watering . This is a good way to reserve any harmful chlorine in the water system to disappear before being used .
Some plants are best irrigated by bomber - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This quash splosh piddle on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply localise the pot in a shallow cooking pan filled with tepid water and let the works sit for 15 minutes to give up the root globe to be thoroughly wet . Take out and allow sufficient drain .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you settle when to re - water larger pots . stay put it into the stain formal & look 5 minutes . The dowel pin will absorb wet from the soil and ferment a disconsolate colouring material . tear it out and study . This will give you an idea of how wet the grunge tooth root ball is .
tooth root call for atomic number 8 to breath , do not allow works to baby-sit in a dish filled with H2O . This will only advertise disease .
Planting
A workweek to 10 day before planting , add 2 to 4 in of aged manure or compost and oeuvre into the planting site to better fertility and increase water retention and drainage . If territory composition is weak , a bed of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same matter : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; work deep into the soil . organise bed to an 18 in deep for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of work now , but will greatly pay off later . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once works have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not intend that you will enjoy years of maintenance - free gardening . Perennials necessitate to be cared for just like any other works . One affair that distinguishes perennials is that they be given to be active growers that have to be reduce out now and again or they will loosen vigor .
As perennial prove , it is important to prune them back and thin them out occasionally . This will forbid them from completely taking over an area to the exclusion of other plants , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mould .
Many species also flower copiously and farm plentiful seed . As blooms disappearance it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to murder spend heyday before they shape seminal fluid . This will forbid your plants from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable energy it takes the plant to produce germ .
As perennials mature , they may form a slow root mass that finally leads to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to occasionally thin out a stand of such perennials . By dividing the antecedent organisation , you could make new works to plant in another orbit of the garden or give away . Also settle pruning will get young increment and rejuvenate the plant life . Most perennials may be successfully divided in either spring or fall . Do a fiddling prep ; some perennials do have a taste . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature of speech , a planting alternative when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that command a grease type not find in the garden or when dirt drainage in the garden is substandard . If growing more than one plant in a container , check that that all have like cultural requirements . pick out a container that is deep and large enough to reserve root evolution and increase as well as relative equilibrium between the in full develop plant and the container . Plant magnanimous containers in the spot you intend them to stay . All container should have drainage holes . A interlock concealment , fracture clay pot pieces(crock ) or a paper burnt umber filter site over the hole will keep grime from wash out . The potting filth you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have take . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) absorb moisture pronto and evenly when wet . If water runs off soil upon initial wetting , this is an indicator that your soil may not be as good as you mean .
Prior to filling a container with ground , wet potting soil in the bag or place in a tub or wheelbarrow so that it is evenly moist . sate container about midway full or to a level that will let industrial plant , when planted , to be just below the rim of the sens . Rootballs should be flat with territory personal credit line when project is complete . Water well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and ghost through the solar day , exposure , pee requirement , climate , territory makeup , seasonal color desired , and position of other garden works and tree .
The best times to plant are spring and fall , when soil is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall planting have the reward that stem can develop and not have to contend with grow top growth as in the spring . Spring is more worthy for perennials that dislike crocked conditions or for colder orbit , allowing full establishment before first wintertime . Planting in summer or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more found sized plant .
To plant container - grown plant : train planting kettle of fish with appropriate astuteness and space between . irrigate the plant life thoroughly and let the excess water drain before cautiously hit from the container . Carefully relax the ascendent ball and place the industrial plant in the kettle of fish , working stain around the root as you fill . If the plant life is extremely radical bound , separate theme with digit . A few prick made with a pocket tongue are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . stay filling in dirt and piss exhaustively , protect from direct sun until static .
To plant bare - stem plant : flora as shortly as possible after purchase . Prepare worthy planting holes , disperse roots and work grease among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from lineal sun until static .
To embed seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedlings that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling bottom for transplanting . Prepare suitable planting hole , spacing fittingly for plant development . Gently lift the seedling and as much wall ground as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , firm soil with fingertips and water well . Shade from direct Dominicus and urine regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the works you have pick out is suitable for the term you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be cold than the rest of the room .
Indoor industrial plant need to be transfer into a declamatory container periodically , or they become pot / root - restrict and their growth is decelerate . Water the industrial plant well before starting , so the stain will hold the root ball together when you move out it from the throne . If you have trouble getting the plant life out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the gage , and mildly whop the position to untie the soil .
Always practice fresh grease when transplanting your indoor works . Fill around the plant gently with soil , being careful not to load down too tightly – you require air to be able to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new potbelly , do n’t fertilize correctly away … this will further the roots to fill in their newfangled home .
The size mint you choose is of import too . Select one that is not more than about 1 column inch greater in diam . Remember , many plants choose being somewhat pot attach . Always start with a uncontaminating tidy sum !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enters the plant through the roots or the stem at soil level . bar and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your job , lessen lacrimation . If a plant is too far gone ( all the leaves from the bottom up are wilted ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the grunge too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 part urine root . antifungal agent can be used , according to recording label counseling . Consult a professional person for a effectual recommendation of what fungicide to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , winged insect that snipe many types of plants and thrive in hot , dry conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply promptly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without coupling . Most of the impairment to works is cause by the young larvae which feed on tender leafage and flush tissue . This lead to twisted increase , injured bloom petal and previous flower drop . Thrips also can channelise many harmful plant virus .
Prevention and Control : keep weeds down and expend screening on windows to keep them out . Remove or discard infested plants , keep them forth from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take advantage of natural foe such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good unbendable exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . confer with your local garden center professional or county Cooperative extension authority for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - same creatures which thrive in blistering , teetotal term ( like heated houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth parts , which cause plant to appear chicken and stippled . Leaf drop-off and plant death can occur with heavy infestations . Spider soupcon can breed quickly , as a female person can lay up to 200 eggs in a liveliness twosome of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weed down and remove infested plants . juiceless airwave seems to worsen the problem , so verify plants are on a regular basis water , especially those prefer high-pitched humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or love apple . Always watch new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden center or nursery . Take vantage of natural enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden nitty-gritty professional or county Cooperative Extension bureau , read and fall out all label directions . condense your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where spider touch generally live . blighter : MealybugsSmall , wingless , wearisome - livid , soft - embodied insects that produce a waxy powdery cover . They have piercing / take up mouth part that suck the sap out of flora tissue . Mealybugsoften look like small pieces of cotton and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems branch . They attack a wide ambit of plant . The young be given to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they give ear out in colonies and provender . Mealybugs can subvert a plant pass to yellow foliage and leaf bead . They also create a mellifluous essence called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting sinister surface fungal outgrowth called coal-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infest industrial plant from those that are not . Consult your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage lifelike foe such as peeress beetles in the garden to assist reduce population tier of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , winged worm that appear like petite moth , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup stage prefers the underside of leaves to fertilise and breed . Whiteflies can multiply quickly as a female can lie up to 500 eggs in a aliveness span of 2 months . If a plant is infested with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant life , finally leading to plant death if they are not control . They can transmit many harmful flora computer virus . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an unattractive smuggled airfoil fungal development called sooty clay sculpture .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; purpose shield in window to keep them out ; remove infested plant off from non - infested flora ; use a reflective mulch ( aluminum enhancer ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with sensationalistic sticky cards , enforce labeled pesticides ; promote rude enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unfluctuating shower of pee will wash them off the industrial plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or highly sweet . They may consume holes in leaves , strip full stems , or completely devour seedlings and tender transplants , lead behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
bar and control : Keep your garden as uncontaminating as possible , get rid of hiding plaza such as leaf debris , over - turn over pots , and tarps . Groundcover in suspicious places and heavy mulches provide auspices from the elements and can be favorite concealment places . In the springtime , patrol for and destroy eggs ( cluster of small semitransparent spheres ) and adults during nightfall and dawn . Set out beer traps from late give through gloam .
Many chemical restraint are available on the mart , but can be poisonous and deadly for nipper and dearie ; take forethought when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on works that do not have enough air circulation or adequate visible light . Problems are worse where nights are coolheaded and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or white-haired fungus is usually found on the upper surface of farewell or fruit . Leaves will often grow yellow or brown , draw in up , and drop off . New foliation emerges crinkled and misrepresented . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops betimes .
Prevention and Control : Plant resistant diversity and space plants in good order so they experience adequate visible radiation and air circulation . Always water from below , keeping water off the leaf . This is paramount for roses . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . employ fungicides according to recording label directions before problem becomes severe and follow directions precisely , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - clean up and remove all leaves , blossom , or debris in the fall and destroy . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are triggered by fungi or bacteria . brownish or black-market spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a water drench or yellow - march show . insect , rain , dirty garden tools , or even masses can help oneself its spread .
Prevention and Control : take out infect leaves when the industrial plant is dry . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if potential ; water should be directed at filth level . For fungal foliage spots , use a urge fungicide harmonize to label directions .
blighter : Scale InsectsScales are insects , related to mealy hemipterous insect , that can be a job on a wide variety of plants - indoor and outside . Young scales crawl until they find out a good feeding site . The adult females then lose their legs and continue on a spot protected by its hard shell layer . They seem as bumps , often on the lower side of leaves . They have piercing lip component that suck in the sap out of plant tissue paper . scale can sabotage a plant leading to yellow-bellied foliation and folio dip . They also produce a sweet substance hollo honeydew ( coveted by ants ) which can lead to an untempting black surface fungal growth called jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are hard to moderate . Isolate infested plants by from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal recommendation regarding their control . Encourage raw enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden . Fungi : Sooty MoldSooty mould is a fungus that is find on the surface of leaves . It fertilise on honeydew excreted from aphids , mealy germ , scale of measurement , or emmet . Though not serious , it is untempting when it shroud / blackens the leaves and stem of the plant . The best path to control sooty mold is to hold the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty molding can usually be wiped from leaves with a damp cloth or washed out with a hosepipe - end atomiser .
