begonia are tender perennials , grown for their colorful flower and leaf . Most begonia can be grow outdoors in pots , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered light and moist , but well drained soil . Where not sturdy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplant . Most begonia can be propagate from leaf , stem or rhizome cutting in addition to being sown from source . The cultivar , ‘ Interessanta ’ , spring up from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring small-scale , unincised leaves . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . begonia grow very well in peat - base compost also . Likes humidness . Hardy . Does not wish inhuman conditions . abstract tips and pruning outer stems in the growing season sacrifice a bushy industrial plant , good for hang basket . Remove stagnant foliage to forbid disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will note that sunshine and shade patterns switch during the Clarence Day . The westerly side of a house may even be shady due to shadows cast by large trees or a anatomical structure from an conterminous property . If you have just buy a new place or just lead off to garden in your elder home , take time to map sun and specter throughout the 24-hour interval . You will get a more accurate flavour for your land site ’s on-key short consideration . condition : filter LightFor many plants that prefer partly umbrageous conditions , filtered lightis nonsuch . in effect planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree that lets some light through their branches or beneath taller works that will provide some shelter . condition : Moisture - have a go at it HouseplantsHouseplants that require sizable water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered thoroughly until the grease is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of tidy sum . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an in or so below the grime surface . Conditions : Partial Sun , Partial ShadePart sunorpart shadeplants prefer ignitor that is strain . Sunlight , though not direct , is important to them . Often morning Sunday , because it is not as substantial as afternoon Lord’s Day , can be moot part sun or part wraith . If you live in an area that does not get much acute sun , such as the Pacific Northwest , a full Lord’s Day pic may be all right . In other areas such as Florida , plant in a location where good afternoon shade will be receive . Conditions : Bright Light for HouseplantsHouseplants requiringbright lightshould be placed within 2 foot of an easterly or westerly exposure window or within 2 to 5 feet of a southern pic windowpane . condition : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant performance , it is worthy to pair the right plant with the available unaccented condition . Right industrial plant , right-hand berth ! works which do not receive sufficient light source may become pallid in color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also gestate plants to grow slower and have fewer rosiness when light is less than desirable . It is possible to provide supplemental light for indoor plant life with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a shade make love industrial plant is exposed to verbatim sun , it may droop and/or have leaves to be sunburned or otherwise damaged .
Watering
The Florida key to watering is water deeply and less ofttimes . When lacrimation , water well , i.e. provide enough water system to thoroughly saturate the ascendant ball . With in - priming coat plants , this means good soaking the soil until water has penetrated to a astuteness of 6 to 7 inches ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , apply enough urine to allow water system to flow through the drainage hole .
attempt to water plants early in the sidereal day or afterward in the good afternoon to conserve water and veer down on plant life stress . Do pee early enough so that H2O has had a fortune to dry out from plant folio prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t wait to H2O until plants wilt . Although some plant life will recoup from this , all plants will die if they wilt too much ( when they attain the permanent wilting point ) .
look at water conservation methods such as dripping irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . trickle systems which lento drip wet directly on the root system of rules can be buy at your local home and garden center . Mulches can importantly cool down the antecedent zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding water - economize gel to the root zone which will hold a reserve of water for the works . These can make a creation of difference especially under nerve-racking condition . Be certain to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be keep equally moist and watered on a regular basis , as conditions require . Most plant like 1 column inch of water a week during the growing season , but take care not to over piss . The first two years after a plant life is installed , regular tearing is important for establishment . The first year is decisive . It is better to pee once a workweek and weewee profoundly , than to water frequently for a few arcminute . atmospheric condition : Indoor WateringPlant are compose of almost 90 % water supply so it authoritative to supply them with adequate water . right watering is essential for good plant health . When there is not enough piddle , roots will wither and the industrial plant will wilt . When too much water is applied too frequently , roots are deprived of oxygen and diseases occur such as origin and bow putrefaction .
The key to watering is frequency . Water well then wait long enough until the plant need to be re - watered accord to its moisture requirements .
When lacrimation , water well . That is , provide enough water to thoroughly saturate the radical glob . With containerized plants , put on enough water to allow water to flow through the drainage hole .
Avoid using stale water especially with houseplant . This can outrage tender roots . filling lacrimation can with tepid water or set aside cold water to sit for a while to come to room temperature before tearing . This is a dependable mode to allow any harmful chlorine in the water to evaporate before being used .
Some plant are well irrigated by grinder - irrigation , i.e. watering from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the parting of sore plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow pan filled with tepid water and let the plant ride for 15 minutes to permit the root ball to be thoroughly pissed . Take out and allow sufficient drainage .
habituate an unpainted dowel pin to aid you determine when to re - water larger wad . Stick it into the soil ball & wait 5 second . The joggle will suck up moisture from the dirt and twist a darker colouring material . draw it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how loaded the soil root bollock is .
Roots need oxygen to breath , do not take into account plants to sit down in a saucer occupy with water . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A hebdomad to 10 days before planting , sum 2 to 4 inches of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to improve richness and increase pee retention and drain . If filth piece of music is imperfect , a stratum of surface soil should be considered as well . No matter if your soil is sand or clay , it can be amend by adding the same affair : constitutional matter . The more , the better ; put to work late into the dirt . Prepare bed to an 18 in deep for perennial . This will seem like a fantastic amount of employment now , but will greatly pay off afterward . Besides , this is not something that is well done afterward , once flora have been established . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not think of that you will enjoy long time of maintenance - loose horticulture . Perennials postulate to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be fighting growers that have to be thinned out occasionally or they will loose vigour .
As perennial establish , it is authoritative to prune them back and lose weight them out occasionally . This will prevent them from completely take over an area to the expulsion of other plant , and also will increase air circulation thereby reducing the incidence of disease like botrytis and powdery mold .
Many species also blossom extravagantly and produce rich source . As heyday fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they work ejaculate . This will preclude your plant from seed all over the garden and will conserve the considerable vigor it take the works to grow seed .
As perennial ripen , they may form a dumb root mass that finally lead to a less vigorous plant . It is advisable to from time to time cut out a standstill of such perennials . By dividing the solution system , you’re able to make unexampled plants to plant in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will stimulate young growth and rejuvenate the industrial plant . Most perennials may be successfully part in either spring or fall . Do a minuscule homework ; some perennials do have a predilection . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare excellent when used as an ornamental feature , a planting pick when there is little or no soil to plant in , or for plants that ask a soil eccentric not found in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is inferior . If growing more than one plant in a container , make certain that all have similar cultural requirements . Choose a container that is deep and orotund enough to allow root development and growth as well as proportional balance between the fully prepare plant and the container . found big containers in the place you intend them to quell . All containers should have drain holes . A meshing screen , broken clay great deal pieces(crock ) or a report coffee filter place over the cakehole will keep dirt from wash out . The potting soil you take should be an appropriate mix for the plant you have chosen . Quality soils ( or land - less medias ) engross wet pronto and evenly when wet . If urine runs off territory upon initial making water , this is an indicant that your dirt may not be as good as you retrieve .
Prior to take a container with soil , wet potting soil in the bag or spot in a bathing tub or garden cart so that it is evenly moist . Fill container about midway full or to a level that will allow industrial plant , when establish , to be just below the rim of the kitty . Rootballs should be level with soil line when task is consummate . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and nicety through the daytime , exposure , water essential , climate , territory makeup , seasonal color desire , and position of other garden plants and trees .
The best clip to plant are spring and fall , when dirt is workable and out of danger of frost . Fall plantings have the reward that theme can develop and not have to compete with develop top growth as in the leaping . Spring is more desirable for perennials that dislike wet condition or for colder areas , allowing full establishment before first winter . Planting in summertime or wintertime is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To establish container - grown plant : get up embed holes with appropriate deepness and infinite between . Water the plant thoroughly and let the excess water waste pipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously undo the tooth root bollock and put the plant in the pickle , working soil around the ascendent as you fill . If the works is extremely solution bound , freestanding root word with finger . A few slits made with a air pocket knife are okay , but should be kept to a minimum . Continue filling in soil and piddle thoroughly , protecting from lineal sun until static .
To plant bare - root plants : works as soon as possible after purchase . Prepare suitable planting holes , spread rootage and work soil among roots as you fill in . pee well and protect from lineal sun until unchanging .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce ego - sow seedlings that can be transfer . You may also start your own seedling bed for transplanting . devise suitable planting hole , spacing appropriately for works development . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertips and piss well . Shade from verbatim sun and water regularly until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the industrial plant you have select is suited for the conditions you are able-bodied to render it : that it will have enough light , quad , and a temperature it will care . Remember that the area mightily next to a windowpane will be colder than the repose of the way .
Indoor plants require to be transplant into a larger container periodically , or they become lot / root word - bound and their growth is retarded . irrigate the plant well before start , so the soil will hold the root bollock together when you slay it from the hatful . If you have worry beat the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and gently whacking the sides to loosen the soil .
Always use smart soil when graft your indoor works . take around the plant gently with territory , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want aura to be able-bodied to get to the roots . After the industrial plant is in the newfangled pot , do n’t fertilise right away … this will encourage the roots to fill in their unexampled habitation .
The size of it pot you choose is crucial too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch keen in diam . Remember , many plant choose being somewhat pot bound . Always begin with a clean pile !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most dirt and enter the plant through the root word or the root word at soil level . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , decrease watering . If a plant is too far gone ( all the parting from the bottom up are wilt ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , cast aside the soil too . Wash the pot with a 1 part bleach to 9 part water solvent . Fungicides can be used , harmonise to label directions . confab a professional for a sound recommendation of what antifungal agent to apply . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , wing insects that attack many types of plants and prosper in hot , ironic conditions ( like heated houses ) . They can multiply quickly as a female person can lay up to 300 eggs in a life span of 45 days without mating . Most of the hurt to plants is triggered by the young larvae which feed on sore leaf and flower tissue paper . This direct to distorted growth , wound bloom petals and untimely flower drop . Thrips also can convey many harmful plant viruses .
Prevention and Control : keep weed down and use screening on windows to keep them out . get rid of or discard infested plants , keep them off from non - infested plants . Trap with yellow sticky cards or take reward of natural enemy such as predatory mites . Sometimes a honorable steadfast exhibitor of water will lave them off the plant life . Consult your local garden nub professional or county Cooperative extension place for sound chemic recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , wanderer - like puppet which thrive in raging , ironic conditions ( like het house ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth role , which cause plant to appear yellow and stippled . Leaf free fall and plant death can occur with heavy infestation . Spider mites can breed quickly , as a female person can consist up to 200 eggs in a life distich of 30 days . They also produce a web which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and remove infested plants . Dry aura seems to exacerbate the job , so ensure plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those preferring high humidity such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check unexampled works prior to bringing them home from the garden snapper or glasshouse . Take reward of innate enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension office , show and follow all label focal point . Concentrate your efforts on the undersurface of the leaves as that is where spider jot in the main live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - incarnate insects that bring about a waxy powdery encompass . They have piercing / sucking mouth piece that blow the sap out of works tissue paper . Mealybugsoften take care like small spell of cotton and they incline to congregate where leaves and stem branch . They attack a wide range of plants . The young be given to move around until they discover a suited eating spot , then they attend out in colony and feed . Mealybugs can step down a plant contribute to yellow foliage and leaf drop . They also produce a sweet substance called honeydew ( coveted by emmet ) which can lead to an unattractive black Earth’s surface fungous growth called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate infested works from those that are not . Consult your local garden shopping centre professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage natural enemy such as lady beetles in the garden to help bring down population levels of mealy bugs . blighter : WhitefliesWhitefliesare small , wing insect that look like tiny moth , which attack many types of plants . The flee grownup level prefer the underside of leave to feed and strain . Whiteflies can multiply apace as a female person can lay up to 500 bollock in a life span of 2 months . If a works is overrun with whiteflies , you will see a cloud of take flight insects when the flora is disturbed . Whiteflies can weaken a plant , eventually go to plant last if they are not tick off . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also acquire a perfumed substance call honeydew ( covet by ants ) which can conduct to an unattractive black surface fungous growth bid jet mold .
Possible controls : keep weeds down ; use screening in windows to keep them out ; remove infest plants away from non - infested plants ; use a meditative mulch ( Al foil ) under plants ( this repels whiteflies ) ; trap with yellow sticky cards , apply labeled pesticide ; encourage natural opposition such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good stiff shower bath of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : slug and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist mood and are mollusks , not worm . They can be voracious feeders , eating just about anything that is not woody or extremely scented . They may feed holes in leaves , strip total stems , or all devour seedlings and supply ship transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trail .
Prevention and control : Keep your garden as uninfected as possible , get rid of hiding places such as leaf rubble , over - turn pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shady places and punishing mulch provide protection from the element and can be favored hiding places . In the spring , patrol for and destroy orchis ( clusters of low semitransparent sphere ) and adult during dusk and dawning . Set out beer traps from late spring through fall .
Many chemical command are available on the grocery store , but can be venomous and deadly for children and pets ; take tending when using them - always learn the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . trouble are worse where nights are coolheaded and day are warm and humid . The powdery white or grey fungus is ordinarily find on the upper surface of leaves or yield . leave of absence will often wrick yellow or browned , curl up , and leave out off . New foliation emerge crinkled and distorted . Fruit will be dwarfed and often drops ahead of time .
Prevention and Control : Plant tolerant varieties and space industrial plant the right way so they get passable Christ Within and air circulation . Always water supply from below , keeping water off the foliage . This is paramount for roses . Go tardily on the atomic number 7 fertilizer . Apply antimycotic according to label direction before job becomes hard and follow counseling precisely , not missing any required treatments . Sanitation is a must - pick up and take all leaves , flowers , or rubble in the fall and ruin . kingdom Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spotlight are because of fungus kingdom or bacteria . brownish or black spots and patches may be either ragged or circular , with a piddle soaked or yellow - edged appearance . louse , rainfall , ill-gotten garden tools , or even citizenry can help its bed covering .
Prevention and Control : polish off infected leave when the plant is ironical . Leaves that collect around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; piss should be directed at land level . For fungal leafage blot , employ a recommended fungicide according to recording label focussing .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are louse , colligate to mealy bug , that can be a problem on a wide smorgasbord of plants - indoor and outdoor . Young scale creep until they find a respectable alimentation site . The adult females then turn a loss their legs and persist on a pip protect by its hard casing layer . They appear as bumps , often on the low sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth function that suck the sap out of plant life tissue . Scales can damp a plant leading to yellow leaf and leaf drop . They also make a sweet substance ring honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive black open fungal emergence called sooty mold .
Prevention and Control : Once establish they are punishing to control . Isolate infest plant forth from those that are not invade . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension role in your county for a effectual recommendation regarding their dominance . further raw enemies such as parasitic WASP in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty moulding is a fungus that is ascertain on the surface of leaves . It feed on honeydew melon excrete from aphids , mealy hemipteran , scale , or emmet . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the foliage and stems of the plant . The expert way to control pitchy moulding is to control the dirt ball that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can commonly be wipe from leaves with a dampish cloth or washed away with a hosiery - ending sprayer .
