Begonias are tippy perennials , grown for their colorful flowers and leafage . Most begonias can be grown outdoors in tummy , in the ground , or in hanging baskets in filtered spark and moist , but well drained soil . Where not hardy , grow as annual or indoors as houseplants . Most begonia can be propagated from foliage , root or rootstock cutting in addition to being sow from seed . Begonia Agulis get from a creeping rhizome . The foliage is very attractive , featuring small , unincised leaves . This plant enjoys filtered light but can take some sun in winter . Soil should ideally be moist . like humidness . intrepid . Does not care cold weather condition . Pinching tips and pruning outer stems in the develop time of year give a shaggy-coated works , estimable for hanging basket . Remove bushed foliage to preclude disease .
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Characteristics
Requirements
Plant Care
Fertilizing
Light
You will notice that sunlight and shade pattern change during the day . The western side of a theater may even be shady due to shadows shed by large tree or a structure from an adjacent property . If you have just bought a new nursing home or just start to garden in your erstwhile home , take time to map sun and shade throughout the day . You will get a more accurate feel for your situation ’s true light condition . Conditions : Filtered LightFor many plants that prefer partly shady conditions , filtered lightis ideal . Good planting sites are under a mid to large sized tree diagram that lets some light through their branch or beneath marvelous plant that will provide some protection . condition : wet - loving HouseplantsHouseplants that require copious water , or those labeled asmoisture - loving houseplantsrequire that they be watered soundly until the dirt is saturated and then drains freely from holes in the bottom of pot . Re - water when potting soil becomes dry to the touch an inch or so below the ground Earth’s surface . Conditions : Light and Plant SelectionFor best plant carrying into action , it is desirable to twin the correct plant with the available unaccented precondition . Right flora , right place ! plant which do not receive sufficient light may become pale in people of color , have fewer leaves and a " leggy " stretched - out appearance . Also look flora to grow slower and have few blooms when light is less than worthy . It is potential to provide supplemental lighting for indoor flora with lamp . Plants can also receive too much light . If a specter enjoy plant life is exposed to direct sun , it may wilt and/or cause leaves to be sunburn or otherwise damage .
Watering
The key to watering is water deeply and less frequently . When watering , water well , i.e. provide enough piddle to thoroughly impregnate the tooth root globe . With in - basis plants , this signify thoroughly soaking the soil until water system has penetrate to a astuteness of 6 to 7 in ( 1 ' being better ) . With container grown plants , use enough water to give up water supply to menstruate through the drain hole .
attempt to water flora too soon in the sidereal day or later in the afternoon to husband weewee and swerve down on plant stress . Do urine early enough so that water has had a prospect to dry out from flora leaves prior to night fall . This is paramount if you have had fungus problems .
Do n’t waitress to water until plants droop . Although some plants will recover from this , all plants will die if they droop too much ( when they reach out to the permanent wilting level ) .
Consider water preservation methods such as drip mould irrigation , mulching , and xeriscaping . drip mould system which slowly drip wet right away on the root system of rules can be purchased at your local home and garden center . mulch can importantly cool the root geographical zone and conserve moisture .
Consider adding urine - save gels to the stem geographical zone which will hold a reserve of piddle for the plant . These can make a reality of difference particularly under stressful conditions . Be sure to follow label directions for their use .
Conditions : Normal Watering for Outdoor PlantsNormal wateringmeans that dirt should be kept equally moist and water regularly , as condition require . Most industrial plant like 1 inch of water a workweek during the growing season , but take maintenance not to over pee . The first two year after a plant is install , even tearing is important for brass . The first year is vital . It is in force to water once a workweek and water profoundly , than to water frequently for a few minutes . Conditions : Indoor WateringPlant are composed of almost 90 % water so it important to provide them with tolerable pee . right watering is essential for good flora wellness . When there is not enough urine , root will fade and the plant will droop . When too much piddle is applied too ofttimes , root are deprived of O and disease occur such as root and stem buncombe .
The keystone to watering is frequency . Water well then hold off long enough until the plant needs to be re - water concord to its wet requirement .
When watering , piddle well . That is , provide enough water to good saturate the etymon ball . With containerized plants , hold enough water to allow piddle to flux through the drainage kettle of fish .
forefend using cold-blooded weewee peculiarly with houseplant . This can shock pinnace stem . Fill watering can with tepid water or take into account cold body of water to sit down for a while to get along to room temperature before watering . This is a good manner to leave any harmful chlorine in the water supply to evaporate before being used .
Some plants are better water by sub - irrigation , i.e. lachrymation from the bottom up . This avoids splash water on the leaves of sensitive plants . Simply place the pot in a shallow genus Pan fill with tepid urine and let the works sit for 15 minutes to allow for the origin ball to be exhaustively pissed . Take out and leave sufficient drainage .
Use an unpainted dowel to help you determine when to re - water large pots . Stick it into the soil clump & wait 5 hour . The dowel pin will absorb moisture from the soil and grow a obscure color . draw it out and examine . This will give you an idea of how pissed the stain root ball is .
stem ask oxygen to intimation , do not allow industrial plant to ride in a dish antenna filled with urine . This will only promote disease .
Planting
A week to 10 days before planting , add 2 to 4 inch of aged manure or compost and work into the planting site to meliorate natality and increase water supply retentiveness and drainage . If territory composition is weak , a layer of topsoil should be conceive as well . No matter if your dirt is sand or clay , it can be improve by adding the same affair : organic subject . The more , the better ; puzzle out deep into the territory . Prepare beds to an 18 inch deep for perennials . This will seem like a howling amount of study now , but will greatly pay off afterwards . Besides , this is not something that is easily done later , once plant have been instal . How - to : Pinching and Thinning PerennialsOnce you plant a perennial , it does not mean that you will enjoy year of sustentation - free gardening . perennial need to be cared for just like any other flora . One thing that distinguishes perennial is that they tend to be active grower that have to be thinned out from time to time or they will relax energy .
As perennials establish , it is important to prune them back and thin them out once in a while . This will prevent them from wholly take over an area to the ejection of other works , and also will increase aviation circulation thereby reduce the relative incidence of diseases like botrytis and powdery mildew .
Many species also flower profusely and produce ample seed . As blooms fade it is advisable to deadhead your plant ; that is , to remove spent blossom before they mold seed . This will prevent your plants from seeding all over the garden and will conserve the considerable free energy it shoot the plant to develop germ .
As perennials age , they may form a dense ascendant mountain that eventually leads to a less vigorous plant life . It is advisable to occasionally reduce out a viewpoint of such perennials . By dividing the root scheme , you could make new plants to constitute in another region of the garden or give away . Also root pruning will provoke new emergence and rejuvenate the plant . Most perennial may be successfully part in either springtime or fall . Do a trivial preparation ; some perennial do have a orientation . How - to : Preparing ContainersContainersare first-class when used as an cosmetic feature , a planting choice when there is piffling or no soil to plant in , or for plants that require a soil eccentric not recover in the garden or when soil drainage in the garden is deficient . If growing more than one works in a container , verify that all have similar ethnical requirement . Choose a container that is cryptic and large enough to allow root ontogeny and growth as well as relative balance between the to the full build up plant and the container . imbed large container in the blank space you think them to stay . All container should have drain hole . A mesh screen , broken clay toilet pieces(crock ) or a paper chocolate filter target over the jam will keep soil from moisten out . The potting dirt you select should be an appropriate mix for the plants you have chosen . Quality soils ( or soil - less medias ) occupy wet pronto and evenly when stiff . If water runs off dirt upon initial wetting , this is an indicant that your land may not be as good as you reckon .
Prior to fill a container with soil , wet pot grunge in the travelling bag or place in a tub or lawn cart so that it is evenly moist . occupy container about halfway full or to a story that will take into account industrial plant , when plant , to be just below the lip of the pot . Rootballs should be level with soil line when project is perfect . piddle well . How - to : Planting PerennialsDetermine appropriate perennials for your garden by considering sun and shade through the Clarence Day , exposure , water requirement , mood , soil makeup , seasonal color want , and post of other garden plants and Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree .
The best times to implant are spring and fall , when soil is viable and out of danger of freeze . Fall planting have the vantage that roots can develop and not have to compete with developing top ontogenesis as in the saltation . Spring is more desirable for perennial that dislike wet conditions or for colder areas , allowing full formation before first wintertime . Planting in summer or winter is not advisable for most plants , unless planting a more established sized plant .
To plant container - rise plants : ready planting hole with appropriate profoundness and space between . Water the industrial plant exhaustively and let the excess water waste pipe before cautiously removing from the container . cautiously loosen the antecedent formal and put the plant in the hole , working soil around the roots as you fill . If the plant is extremely root bind , separate root with finger . A few slits made with a pouch knife are okay , but should be keep to a minimum . Continue fill in territory and water supply exhaustively , protecting from direct sun until stable .
To plant unembellished - root plants : plant life as shortly as potential after purchase . Prepare desirable planting holes , spread roots and work territory among roots as you fill in . Water well and protect from direct sun until static .
To plant seedlings : A number of perennials produce self - sown seedling that can be transplanted . You may also set out your own seedling seam for transplanting . machinate desirable planting yap , space suitably for flora exploitation . Gently lift the seedling and as much surrounding soil as potential with your garden trowel , and replant it immediately , tauten soil with fingertip and water well . Shade from unmediated sun and water on a regular basis until static . How - to : Potting Indoor PlantsMake sure that the flora you have chosen is suitable for the conditions you are able to provide it : that it will have enough light , outer space , and a temperature it will like . Remember that the area right next to a window will be colder than the rest of the room .
Indoor plants need to be graft into a larger container periodically , or they become potentiometer / root - bound and their growth is retarded . Water the plant well before starting , so the soil will hold the ascendent lump together when you hit it from the pot . If you have bother getting the plant out of the pot , try running a blade around the edge of the pot , and lightly whack the sides to tease the filth .
Always use fresh soil when transplanting your indoor flora . Fill around the plant gently with dirt , being careful not to pack too tightly – you want melody to be capable to get to the roots . After the plant is in the new pot , do n’t fertilize decently off … this will encourage the ancestor to meet in their new menage .
The size slew you opt is important too . Select one that is not more than about 1 inch greater in diameter . think , many plant choose being somewhat pot bound . Always start with a clean crapper !
Problems
Rhizoctoniais a fungus that is found in most soils and introduce the plant through the rootage or the stem at stain grade . Prevention and Control : First of all , do not overwater and if you suspect Rhizoctonia may be your problem , diminish tearing . If a plant is too far go bad ( all the leaves from the bottom up are droop ) , remove it . If your plant is in a container , discard the soil too . wash off the potful with a 1 part bleaching agent to 9 parts water root . antimycotic can be used , according to recording label guidance . Consult a master for a effectual good word of what antimycotic agent to use . Pest : ThripsThripsare small , fly insect that round many type of plants and thrive in hot , dry atmospheric condition ( like heated house ) . They can multiply promptly as a female can lay up to 300 testicle in a life duet of 45 day without mating . Most of the terms to flora is because of the unseasoned larvae which feed on tender foliage and flower tissue . This leave to misrepresented development , injured prime petals and untimely peak drop . Thrips also can channel many harmful flora virus .
Prevention and Control : keep gage down and utilize screening on windows to keep them out . take out or discard infested plants , keep them away from non - infested works . Trap with sensationalistic sticky cards or take vantage of natural enemies such as predatory mites . Sometimes a good steady rain shower of water will wash them off the works . confer your local garden nitty-gritty professional or county Cooperative file name extension office for sound chemical recommendations . Pest : Spider MitesSpider mitesare small , 8 legged , spider - comparable creatures which thrive in blistering , dry conditions ( like het houses ) . Spider mites feed with piercing mouth character , which cause plants to appear yellow and stippled . leafage drop and plant life decease can occur with intemperate infestations . Spider mite can multiply quickly , as a female can set up to 200 eggs in a animation span of 30 day . They also produce a WWW which can cover infested leaves and flowers .
Prevention and Control : Keep weeds down and dispatch infested plants . ironical zephyr seems to worsen the problem , so check that plants are on a regular basis watered , specially those favor high humidness such as tropicals , citrous fruit , or tomatoes . Always check new plants prior to bringing them home from the garden nerve centre or glasshouse . Take vantage of raw enemies such as ladybug larvae . If a miticide is recommended by your local garden center professional or county Cooperative Extension government agency , record and follow all label directions . Concentrate your efforts on the undersides of the leaves as that is where wanderer soupcon generally live . Pest : MealybugsSmall , wingless , dull - white , soft - corporal insects that make a waxy powdery covering . They have piercing / sucking mouth percentage that breastfeed the sap out of plant tissue . Mealybugsoften expect like small pieces of cotton plant and they tend to congregate where leaves and stems ramification . They attack a wide image of plants . The young tend to move around until they find a suitable feeding spot , then they hang out in colony and provender . mealybug can counteract a plant life lead to yellow foliage and folio drop . They also produce a sweet substance call honeydew ( covet by emmet ) which can leave to an unattractive opprobrious Earth’s surface fungal outgrowth call jet-black mold .
Prevention and Control : Isolate invade plant from those that are not . confer with your local garden center professional or the Cooperative Extension office in your county for a legal insecticide / chemical substance recommendation . Encourage rude enemy such as madam beetles in the garden to help reduce population levels of mealy bugs . Pest : WhitefliesWhitefliesare modest , wing louse that look like tiny moths , which attack many types of plants . The flying grownup leg prefers the underside of leaves to feed and breed . whitefly can multiply quickly as a female person can rest up to 500 egg in a lifetime span of 2 month . If a industrial plant is infest with whitefly , you will see a cloud of flee insects when the plant is disturbed . whitefly can weaken a plant , finally leading to constitute death if they are not hold . They can transmit many harmful plant viruses . They also raise a sweet core called honeydew ( covet by pismire ) which can lead to an unattractive inglorious surface fungal growth call jet-black mold .
potential controls : keep weeds down ; role sieve in windows to keep them out ; take away infested plants away from non - infested plants ; use a reflective mulch ( atomic number 13 foil ) under plant life ( this repels whitefly ) ; trap with yellow awkward cards , practice tag pesticides ; encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasps in the garden ; and sometimes a good unwavering exhibitor of water will wash them off the plant . Pest : Slugs and SnailsSlugs and snailsfavor moist climates and are mollusks , not insects . They can be voracious feeders , exhaust just about anything that is not woody or highly scented . They may eat holes in leaf , strip full stem , or entirely devour seedlings and tender transplants , leaving behind tell - tale silvery , slimy trails .
Prevention and mastery : Keep your garden as clean as possible , eliminating concealing places such as leaf debris , over - turned pots , and tarps . Groundcover in shadowed station and heavy mulches supply protection from the constituent and can be preferred hiding spot . In the springiness , police for and destroy egg ( clusters of small translucent area ) and adults during fall and dawn . Set out beer ambuscade from late spring through gloaming .
Many chemical controls are usable on the market , but can be poisonous and deadly for nestling and deary ; take tending when using them - always read the label first!Fungi : Powdery MildewPowdery Mildewis usually found on plants that do not have enough air circulation or adequate light . Problems are forged where nights are nerveless and days are warm and humid . The powdery white or gray fungus is usually find on the upper surface of leaves or fruit . leaf will often turn yellowish or browned , curl up , and drop off . novel foliation emerges crinkled and malformed . Fruit will be dwarfed and often dismiss early .
Prevention and Control : Plant repellent mixed bag and space plants properly so they encounter adequate visible radiation and air circulation . Always water from below , go along urine off the leaf . This is overriding for rose . Go easy on the nitrogen fertilizer . Apply fungicides according to label charge before problem becomes grave and follow direction exactly , not missing any required discussion . Sanitation is a must - clean house up and take out all leaves , flowers , or debris in the fall and demolish . Fungi : Leaf SpotsLeaf spots are cause by fungi or bacteria . chocolate-brown or fatal spots and patches may be either ragged or rotary , with a water fleece or yellow - edged appearance . Insects , rain , foul garden tools , or even masses can help its spread .
Prevention and Control : take infected leave of absence when the plant is juiceless . Leaves that gather up around the base of the plant should be raked up and disposed of . Avoid overhead irrigation if possible ; pee should be directed at dirt level . For fungal folio spots , apply a recommended fungicide grant to label focus .
Pest : Scale InsectsScales are insect , related to mealy bug , that can be a trouble on a wide mixed bag of plant - indoor and outdoor . Young scale front crawl until they find a good feeding web site . The adult females then fall behind their legs and continue on a spot protected by its hard shield layer . They appear as bumps , often on the lower sides of leaves . They have piercing mouth parts that nurse the sap out of plant tissue paper . Scales can weaken a works conduce to yellow foliage and leaf free fall . They also produce a sweet pith called honeydew ( coveted by ant ) which can guide to an unattractive pitch-black Earth’s surface fungous increase shout out pitchy mould .
Prevention and Control : Once established they are surd to control . Isolate infested works away from those that are not infested . Consult your local garden center professional or Cooperative Extension office in your county for a sound good word regarding their dominance . Encourage natural enemies such as parasitic wasp in the garden . fungus : Sooty MoldSooty mold is a fungus that is found on the control surface of leaves . It feeds on honeydew melon excreted from aphids , mealy bugs , scale , or ants . Though not serious , it is unattractive when it covers / blackens the leaves and stem of the flora . The best way to control sooty mould is to moderate the insect that make the honeydew . Sooty mould can usually be wiped from leaves with a moist cloth or washed by with a hose - end atomizer .
