bird of preyare among the most absorbing and brawny fauna in the avian world . experience for their sharp talon , drug-addicted snoot , and exceptional hunting acquisition , these raptors master the skies as top predators . Whether soaring luxuriously above open landscapes or silently swooping down on their target , eachbird of preyplays a crucial character in maintaining the balance of ecosystem .
From the mighty bird of Jove and hawks to the stealthy bird of night and falcons , doll of preycome in a diverse range of species , each with unequalled adaptations . Some stand out in speed , like the Peregrine Falcon , while others swear on their incredible seeing , like the Golden Eagle . Their trenchant hunting techniques and habitats make them one of the most studied groups of birds worldwide .
This guidebook explores 46 species ofbirds of fair game , complete with exposure and recognition gratuity to help bird enthusiasts and nature lovers recognize them in the wild . Whether you are a birdwatcher , a wildlife lensman , or merely rummy about these majestic raptors , this comprehensive list will put up valuable penetration into the world ofbirds of prey .
Different Types of Birds of Prey
Northern Harrier
Northern Harriers ( Circus hudsonius ) are one of the most distinctive birds of quarry in North America . Unlike most hawk , which swear primarily on their vision to hunt , Northern Harriers also use their acute auditory sense , standardized to owls . Their facial disk helps funnel sound to their ears , allow them to notice prey hidden in grass or humble vegetation .
Male Northern Harriers are gray with inglorious wingtips and a white rump patch , while female and juveniles are browned with streaky underparts . They have foresighted , minute wings and tails , afford them an elegant , buoyant flight pattern . Unlike other hawks that soar with their wings compressed , harriers hold their wings in a slight V - shape while glide .
These fowl prefer heart-to-heart habitat such as grasslands , marshes , and agricultural fields . They hunt by flying low over the ground , listening and watching for small mammal and birds . Their soft “ kek - kek - kek ” call is often heard during the breeding season , but they are generally tacit while hunting . Their unique search style and elegant flight make them a captivating mintage to celebrate in the wilderness .
Red-shouldered Hawk
Red - shouldered Hawks ( Buteo lineatus ) are average - sized birds of prey line up in North America , peculiarly in the eastern and coastal region of the United States . They are easily identify by their cherry-red - brown shoulders , black - and - clean checkered wings , and a strongly banded shadower . Their underparts feature a warm rufous hue , which contrast beautifully with their pale underwings . These hawks thrive in mature timberland , especially near rivers and swamp , where they have plenty of perches to track down from .
Unlike some other birds of prey , Red - shouldered Hawks are quite vocal , often emitting a loud , high - slant “ kee - aah ” call that echoes through the forest . Their dieting primarily consists of small mammals , but they also wipe out amphibian , reptile , and even birds when the opportunity arises . They are skilled hunters that often roost on tree offset , run down the dry land before swoop down on their prey . In some slip , they have been observe hunt in suburban areas , taking advantage of backyardbird feedersto get small razzing .
During the breeding season , Red - shouldered Hawks construct their nests in high spirits in trees , often reprocess old nest from late yr . Both parent participate in kick upstairs their young , with the distaff incubating the eggs while the male person brings food . Once hatch , the dame grow rapidly , fledge within five to six weeks . Their inviolable parental inherent aptitude and adaptability have allowed them to flourish even in human - altered landscape .
Broad-winged Hawk
Broad - winged Hawks ( genus Buteo platypterus ) are compact , stocky birds of prey that inhabit dense wood across North America . They have liberal , rounded wings and a short tail , do them well - accommodate for maneuvering through thick forest . Their feather is a mix of browned and clean , with a distinctive dreary band along the edge of their tails . These hawk are secretive and can be difficult to spot , as they favour to stay obscure beneath the woods canopy .
One of the most remarkable traits of Broad - fly Hawks is their long - length migration . Every fall , they trip chiliad of miles from their breeding basis in the U.S. and Canada to their wintering habitats in Central and South America . They transmigrate in monumental flocks called “ kettles , ” using rising ardent atmosphere current to conserve energy . These kettles can contain yard of soul and are a spectacular survey for birdwatchers .
Despite their preference for deep wood , Broad - winged Hawks sometimes adjust to suburban areas with sufficient tree cover . They primarily give on small mammal , frogs , and insects , hunting from perch or gliding over open spaces . Their penetrating whistles , often hear during bringing up season , help them communicate with mates and discourage trespasser away from their nests .
Red-tailed Hawk
Red - tailed Hawks ( genus Buteo jamaicensis ) are among the most recognisable birds of prey in North America . They are often spotted soaring in the sky or rest on poles and fences along roadsides . Their name come from their distinctive ruddy - brown tail , which contrasts with their loosely dark-brown body . These hawks are hefty and various hunters , feed mainly on gnawer , birds , and small mammal .
Identifying a Red - track Hawk can be tricky due to the wide variety of feather color they exhibit . Their most defining feature is their broad , rounded wing and the key signature red seat , which is most visible in grownup birds . juvenile person miss the red tail and alternatively have a brownish , banded derriere . They also have a pale underbelly with a dark band across the belly region .
These war hawk are highly adaptable and can fly high in almost any home ground . They are found in unresolved fields , woodland , desert , and even urban areas . Whether in remote forest or metropolis park , they manage to hunt in effect . Their loud , raspy scream is one of the most recognized bird call , often used in movies to present any bird of prey .
Sharp-shinned Hawk
Sharp - shinned Hawks ( Accipiter striatus ) are the little hawks in North America , known for their incredible speed and agility . These raptors are common in wooded areas and are often seen darting through trees while hunting . They mainly prey on songbirds , making them regular visitors to backyard hiss bird feeder where they ambush their unsuspicious quarry .
Adult Sharp - shinned Hawks have a drab - grey-haired back and annexe with rusty orange tree barring on the breast , which fades as it extends downward . Their wings are comparatively scant and rounded , but they have long , minute hind end that help them maneuver swiftly through dense forests . female are importantly larger than males , a characteristic common in many raptor metal money .
These hawks prefer dense forests but can also be seen in suburban areas where they stalk minuscule razzing . They are mostly migratory , moving south during the winter month . Their call is a richly - pitched , speedy “ kik - kik - kik ” sound , often repeated several times , help birdwatchers key out them even when they are cover in thick foliage .
Cooper’s Hawk
Cooper ’s Hawks ( Accipiter cooperii ) are intermediate - sized raptors that are normally found in forests , suburban areas , and even urban parkland . Known for their swift and spry flight , these birds are experts at voyage through thick tree cover while chasing prey . Their elementary dieting consist of modest bird , and they oftentimes foray into backyard bird feeder .
Cooper ’s Hawks closely resemble Sharp - shinny Hawks , make recognition challenging . They have the same steely blue - hoary coloration , reddish blackball on the chest , and a black cap . However , Cooper ’s Hawks are noticeably large , with a bulkier frame and broader wings . Their tails are rounded at the tip , while Sharp - scramble Hawks have more squared - off tails .
These hawk are year - daily round residents in many parts of North America , favoring forest , parks , and suburban garden . Their call is a repetitious “ cak - cak - cak ” strait , often heard during breed season . Their stealth and speed make them formidable hunter , capable of catch hiss in midair with astonishing precision .
Northern Goshawk
Northern Goshawks ( Accipiter gentilis ) are hefty and secretive bird of prey that inhabit big , distant wood . Unlike other hawk that are unremarkably image in suburban country , these birds favor undisturbed wild . They are belligerent hunters , prey on a variety of animals , including birds , mammals , and reptiles .
This species is distinguished by its dark - dark head with inscrutable red heart and a bold white eyebrow stripes . Their underparts are blueish - white with fine gray blackball , while their upper body is dismal - grizzly . Some individuals may have chocolate-brown hues look on their morph . They have broad , rounded wings and long fanny , which help them maneuver through dumb woods .
Northern Goshawks are far-flung across North America but are unmanageable to spot due to their elusive nature . While some somebody transmigrate south during wintertime , others remain in the same dominion twelvemonth - round . Their call is a rough “ ca - ca - ca ” audio , and they often turn their heads while calling , create a ventriloquist - like impression that makes pinpointing their location challenging .
Ferruginous Hawk
Ferruginous Hawks ( Buteo regalis ) are the heavy birds of prey in the Buteo genus , chiefly found in the clear landscape of the western United States . These hefty raptor have long , liberal wings and strickle plumage that varies between two morphs : light and dark-skinned . Light - morph individuals have rusty brown backs and pale underpart , while darkness - morph hawks come along robust umber brown . Their heavy size of it , feather legs , and cutthroat hunt ability make them a predominant piranha in grasslands and desert .
Unlike many other Bronx cheer of prey , Ferruginous Hawks sometimes hunt in chemical group , in particular in winter , when they roost together in numbers set out from 6 to 12 soul . Their diet consist mainly of small mammalian , such as prairie dog , rabbit , and ground squirrels , which they enamor using their powerful talons . They are have sex for their power to hover briefly in mid - air before diving onto their fair game , a behavior like to Falco tinnunculus .
Breeding pairs of Ferruginous Hawks are highly territorial and prefer open , elevated nesting sites , including cliff , rock ‘n’ roll outcrops , and even man - made structure like power poles . They retrace large nests out of joystick , often lined with soft material such as pot and fur . Their warm duet bonds and adaptability to different nesting site contribute to their successful reproduction each year .
Swainson’s Hawk
Swainson ’s Hawks ( Buteo swainsoni ) are migratory birds of prey that breed in the assailable landscapes of western North America . They are medium - sized bird of prey with long , point wings and a distinctive two - tone coloration : a brown chest and a pale belly . They favour grasslands , prairies , and farming fields , where they can hunt for low mammals and large insects such as grasshopper .
One of the most unbelievable aspects of Swainson ’s Hawks is their long - aloofness migration . Each year , they travel over 6,000 statute mile ( 9,600 kilometre ) from North America to Argentina , one of the long migrations of any bird of prey species . During this journeying , they form massive flocks called “ kettle , ” often soar alongside Broad - winged Hawks and Turkey Vultures . These large groups of migrating raptors are a breathtaking sight in the sky .
Swainson ’s Hawks are highly adaptable hunter , changing their diet depending on the season . While they in the first place wipe out rodents and small reptiles during breeding months , they switch to an insect - establish diet in South America . Their call is a prolonged , high - pitched “ kreeeeer , ” often used during escape or territorial disputes .
Rough-legged Hawk
harsh - legged Hawks ( Buteo lagopus ) are unique birds of target that breed in the Arctic tundra and migrate in the south during winter . They are named for the deep plume cover up their legs , which help insulate them in extreme coldness . Their plumage vary , with light and dark morphs , but all individuals have distinct dark patches on their underwing and a strongly banded tail .
Unlike many other bird of prey , Rough - legged Hawks are known for their levitate hunt technique . They often face the wind and stay nearly stationary in mid - atmosphere , scanning the priming for little mammals such as voles and lemmings . This doings , along with their feathered legs , help distinguish them from other hawks commonly take in in overt fields and grassland .
During winter , Rough - legged Hawks can be found across the United States , favoring marsh , prairie , and open fields . They are comparatively quiet hiss , only vocalise near their nesting sites in the Arctic . Their migration patterns bet on food availability , and in years when prey is scarce , they may trip farther to the south than usual . These absorbing raptors are a highlighting for birdwatchers during the colder months .
Osprey
Ospreys ( Pandion haliaetus ) are unique birds of prey that belong to their own distinct phratry , Pandionidae . They are not hawks or eagles , although they are often mistaken for them due to their standardized visual aspect . These large raptor have dark brown upperparts , white underparts , and a distinctive dark eye banding that extends to the sides of their neck opening . Their wings are retentive and minute , permit them to glide effortlessly over water system as they search for food for thought .
Unlike other birds of prey , Ospreys have a specialized diet that consists almost entirely of fish . Because of this , they are always found near torso of water system , including lakes , rivers , and coastal shoreline . They have develop unique adaptation for hunting fish , such as two-sided outer toe that help them grasp tricky prey and nostrils that close to prevent water uptake when they dive . Their success rate when catch Pisces the Fishes is remarkably gamy , reach them one of nature ’s most efficient Orion .
sea eagle are highly vocal , especially when defending their nest . Their alarm call consists of a serial of richly - set up whistles that descend in tone , resemble the sound of a teapot taken off a kitchen range . These birds build large pin nests on top of trees , pole , and even human - made platforms , often returning to the same nesting site twelvemonth after year . preservation efforts have avail Osprey populations recuperate after significant fall due to pesticide utilization in the mid-20th century .
Great Horned Owl
The Great Horned Owl ( Bubo virginianus ) is one of the most far-flung and adaptable dame of prey in North America . These big bird of Minerva are right away recognizable due to their prominent ear tuft , orotund yellow eye , and blotch brown plumage . They are powerful vulture capable of hunting a wide variety of prey , admit mammal , Bronx cheer , reptile , and even other raptor . Their silent flight of stairs and exceptional hearing make them highly effective nocturnal hunters .
Great Horned Owls boom in divers habitats , from obtuse timber to urban areas , deserts , and open grassland . Unlike many owl species , they do not trust on specific nesting sites but instead take over abandoned nests from hawks , gasconade , or squirrels . They are fiercely territorial and will maintain their nesting site with belligerent Bronx cheer and displays .
The deep , resonant hoot of the Great tusk bird of night are among the most iconic owl calls in North America . Their voice can convey for miles , especially on cold wintertime nights when they give territories and attract mate . They are one of the earliest nesting birds , often laying eggs in recent winter before other mintage have begun breeding .
Barred Owl
block off Owls ( Strix varia ) are intermediate to large owls known for their distinctive hooting call that sound like they are suppose , “ Who cook for you ? ” Their name comes from the horizontal barring on their brown and white plumage , which help them coalesce into the dense forests they dwell . They have large , dark eyes , giving them an expressive appearance that is different from the xanthous - eyed Great Horned Owl .
These bird of night prefer mature forest near water , including swampland , riverbank , and wooded wetlands . Unlike many owl that are purely nocturnal , Barred Owls are often dynamic during the daytime , realize them easy to tell apart . They are curious and may even go up man if they hear imitations of their calls .
Barred Owls have a wide-ranging dieting that includes small mammals , doll , amphibians , reptiles , and even fish . They are timeserving hunters , capturing whatever prey is available . They checkmate for animation and deliver to the same nesting sites year after year . Due to habitat changes , their range has expanded westward , sometimes leading to competition with the closely related Spotted Owl .
Long-eared Owl
Long - eared Owls ( Asio otus ) are slender , medium - sized owls hump for their retentive ear tussock , which resemble exclamation mark when raised . They have a distinctive dappled brown and gray plumage that provides first-class disguise , build them difficult to spot in dense foliage . Their brilliant yellow eye and facial disk give them an snappy and intense expression .
These secretive owls prefer perch in dense forests , especially coniferous and mixed woodland . They are extremely elusive and often go unnoticed unless they are scour from their hiding spots . Unlike most bird of Minerva , Long - eared Owls are social and sometimes form communal roosts in the winter , with multiple individuals gather in a undivided region .
During the breeding time of year , male person produce a series of low “ hoo ” call that are double rhythmically , sometimes up to 200 times in a wrangle . Their hunt scheme involves fly low over open field at night , scanning for small mammals such as voles and mice . Because of their tightlipped nature , they are more often heard than seen in the natural state .
Eastern Screech-Owl
Eastern Screech - Owls ( Megascops genus Asio ) are diminished but thick bird of Minerva launch throughout the easterly United States . They come in two primary gloss morphs — gray and reddish - brown — both of which render excellent camo against tree barque . Despite their pocket-size size , these owls are fearless predators , trace a wide of the mark smorgasbord of prey , including insect , small mammals , birds , and even amphibians .
These owl are highly adaptable and can be get in woodland , suburban areas , and even metropolis parks . They are dental caries nester , often using old peckerwood holes or cuddle box to raise their young . Unlike larger bird of Minerva that demand vast territory , Eastern Screech - Owls can flourish in relatively small wooded patches , draw them one of the most common owl specie near human settlements .
Eastern Screech - Owls produce a variety of vocalizations , let in a descending whicker and a delicate , even - pitched shake have intercourse as the “ tremolo . ” The tremolo call is often used between mates to communicate , and it nearly resembles the call of a frog . Because of their nocturnal habit and splendid camouflage , they are more often heard than seen .
Western Screech-Owl
Western Screech - Owls ( Megascops kennicottii ) are small but fierce nocturnal raptors native to the western United States . They have a compact eubstance with light ear tussock , yellow eyes , and a mottled gray or brown plumage that helps them blend seamlessly into tree bark . These owls were once thought to be the same species as the Eastern Screech - Owl , but work have since confirmed their distinctiveness .
These owls are highly adaptable and can thrive in a variety of habitats , admit forests , desert , farmlands , and suburban park . They prefer areas with tree enclosed space for nesting , but they will also use nest boxes when uncommitted . Their wide cooking stove extends from Canada down to Mexico .
Western Screech - Owls are timeserving hunter with a diet consisting primarily of small mammalian , birds , and insects . They are also known to consume Pisces , amphibian , and invertebrates like rock lobster and worm . Despite their name , their call is not a shriek but a soft , rhythmic trill that speeds up toward the conclusion .
Snowy Owl
The Snowy Owl ( Bubo scandiacus ) is one of the most striking owls in North America , celebrated for its brilliant white feathers that provide excellent camouflage in white environments . While adult males run to be nearly gross ashen , female and young person display dark-skinned blackball throughout their plume . Their yellow eyes and big size make them manifest among other owl species .
These owls breed in the Arctic tundra , where they nest on the land and swear on lemming as their primary nutrient reservoir . As winter approaches , Snowy Owls migrate southward , sometimes reaching the northern United States and , during irruptions , even state like Texas and Florida . Their movements are irregular and look on intellectual nourishment handiness .
Unlike many other owls , Snowy Owls are diurnal , meaning they are alive during the daylight . Their birdsong include deep , redolent hoots that can travel outstanding distances . Males are more outspoken than female person , using their call to defend territory or attract a partner . to boot , they produce a variety of other sounds , include sibilate and banker’s bill snapping .
Great Gray Owl
The Great Gray Owl ( Strix nebulosa ) is the largest owl species in the United States , though it appears bulky than it in reality is due to its thick feather . Its rounded pass lacks ear tussock , and its face feature classifiable homocentric circles , giving it a knowing and ghostly appearance . Many observers liken its markings to a bowtie , adding to its majestic look .
These owl prefer dense cone-bearing and mixed forest near undefended meadows , where they hunt for small mammals . During winter , they use their exceeding hearing to detect rodent moving beneath the snow , plunging through to capture fair game . Since they require a large search orbit , they are more usually retrieve in the northern parts of the U.S. and Canada .
Unlike many other owl , Great Gray Owls do not build their own nests . Instead , they reuse abandon nest from other birds , such as hawks or ravens . Once they arrogate a nesting site , they defend it ferociously — even against large predators like sinister bears . Their vocalizations are mystifying , rhythmic hoots , often used to convey with mates or defend district .
American Barn Owl
Barn Owls ( Tyto furcata ) are easily placeable by their kernel - shaped facial disk , which is a sick arenaceous colour with a dark brown lip . This specialized facial structure directs audio to their spike , giving them over-the-top sense of hearing abilities . Their large , dingy eyes and light - one-sided underparts add to their ghostly appearance , earning them nickname like “ Ghost Owl ” and “ scamp - faced Owl . ”
These owls are far-flung across North and South America , commonly found in open grasslands , farmlands , and abandoned buildings . Unlike many other owls , they are non - migrant , remain in their territories yr - round . Farmers highly treasure them due to their role in control rodent universe .
Barn Owls do not hoot like typical owls ; instead , they emit a tenacious , eerie screech that resembles the shout of a Red - dog Hawk . Males also lease in flank - applause displays during courtship . Their dumb flight and ghost calls make them one of the most engrossing owl coinage to run into .
Burrowing Owl
Burrowing Owls ( Athene cunicularia ) are unequaled among hooter as they pass much of their clip on the land rather than in Tree . They are small , long - legged birds with sandy dark-brown plumage , yellow eye , and white slur cover their bodies . Their long leg help them move efficiently on the earth , take into account them to chase after insects and small prey .
These owl inhabit open grassland , deserts , and prairies across North and South America . Instead of nesting in trees , they practice burrow for shelter , often taking over abandoned tunnel made by prairie dogs or earth squirrel . Some individuals even apprehend their own burrow . To prepare for food deficit , they store large amounts of prey underground .
Burrowing Owls are relatively still liken to other owls . Their most vulgar vocalization is a two - note call that sound like “ who - who ” or “ coo - coo - roo , ” primarily made by males during the breeding time of year . Despite their small size of it , they can be quite feisty when fend for their nests , often mime the rattling sound of a rattler to deter predator .
Northern Saw-whet Owl
The northerly Saw - whet Owl ( Aegolius acadicus ) is one of the smallest bird of prey in the United States , measure only 6.5 to 9 inches in duration . With their circular head , pallid brown and tan plumage , and large yellow-bellied oculus , these hooter are often key as “ cute as a button . ” Despite their small size , they are skilled hunters , primarily preying on mouse , voles , and shrews .
These owls inhabit obtuse cone-bearing and motley hardwood woodland , often near rivers or streams . Due to their trust on fledged trees for nesting and roosting , their universe has been affected by home ground expiration . They are most active at night and are seldom discover , though their presence can often be detected by their calls .
The northerly Saw - whet Owl gets its name from the auditory sensation it makes when alarmed , which resemble the sharpening of a adage . However , their most common call is a repetitive “ too - too - too ” whistling , which males utilize during the training season . This balmy yet persistent call can be heard ring through the woods at night .
Northern Pygmy-Owl
The Northern Pygmy - Owl ( Glaucidium californicum ) is a tiny but tearing diurnal owl found in mountainous regions of North America . Unlike most owls , it is active during the day , hunting minor shuttle , mammalian , and insect . This owl has a classifiable appearance with a white chest marked by black perpendicular stripe , dark-brown - spotted feather , and two “ put on eyes ” on the back of its head to discourage marauder .
These owls prefer open coniferous timber or mixed forest at higher tiptop . They are known for their sheer hunting behaviour and can take down prey that is twice their size of it , include songbird and even modest wimp . Their small stature allow them to maneuver fleetly through trees in by-line of fair game .
Despite their fierce nature , Northern Pygmy - Owls have a unproblematic and unimpressive call . Their song consists of a serial publication of light , high - pitched whistling that sound like “ too - too - too , ” iterate at a unfaltering rhythm . While they may not be the most vocal bird of night , their hunting artistry makes them one of the most formidable small raptors .
Flammulated Owl
The Flammulated Owl ( Psiloscops flammeolus ) is name for the flame - similar grading on its feather , which create an ashy , ember - bespeckle visual aspect . These little owls are well - camouflaged and hard to spot , blending seamlessly with the bark of cone-bearing tree diagram . Their dreary eye and succinct size set them asunder from other owls in their range .
Flammulated Owls primarily dwell high - elevation cone-bearing timber but can also be establish in mixed timberland where true pine tree are present . Unlike most owls , they feed almost alone on insect such as moths , crickets , and beetle , though they once in a while eat modest rodents . Their reliance on insects means they transmigrate to the south during colder month when their quarry becomes scarce .
One of the most gripping trait of the Flammulated Owl is its deep , low - pitched hoot , which sounds much larger than what one would look from such a pocket-size bird . This adaptation is due to their unusually large trachea , which hyperbolise their call . Despite their elusive nature , their thick snort can be heard resonate from treetops during the breeding season .
Spotted Owl
The Spotted Owl ( Strix occidentalis ) is a medium - to - large bird of Minerva do it for its dark brown plumage marked with classifiable white spots . Unlike many other owl species , it has saturnine eyes instead of the more coarse yellow eyes . These owls are found in mature forests of the western United States , peculiarly in old - growth timberland .
Due to their strong preference for ancient forests , Spotted Owls are highly vulnerable to home ground end . Logging and deforestation have drastically reduced their numbers , and competition with the invasive Barred Owl has further peril their survival . Because of this , they are believe a threatened species , and conservation efforts are on-going .
Spotted Owls do not establish their own nests but instead apply old nest made by other birds or born tree cavities . Their most common vocalization is a flabby , four - greenback damn used for territory denial and communication between mates . male also call when delivering food to females , making their vocalizations an of the essence part of their behavior .
Boreal Owl
The Boreal Owl ( Aegolius funereus ) is a small , elusive owl institute in dense boreal woods of North America . These owls march a range of color variation , from reddish - brownish to grey , with intricate patterns of streaks and spots . Their round , level face is framed by a whitened border , and their bright chicken optic stand out against their darker plumage .
Living in remote locations , Boreal Owls favor stands of aspen , spruce , fir , andbirch tree . Their marooned habitats make them unmanageable to take , and slight is known about their long - term universe drift . They are mainly nocturnal hunters , preying on small mammal such as voles , bats , and babe squirrels , as well as frogs and orotund insects .
Boreal Owls have a typical serial of whistle toots that gradually increase in volume . male typically call during the training season to pull in females , make them more vocal in the give . Because of their secretive nature , they are seldom seen , but their obsess calls can sometimes be heard in the depths of the northern forests .
Northern Hawk Owl
The Northern Hawk Owl ( Surnia ulula ) is a unique bird of prey that behaves more like a mortarboard than an owl . Unlike most owls , it is active during the Clarence Day , perching atop magniloquent Sir Herbert Beerbohm Tree in search of target . It has a tenacious hind end , a sleek body , and a flat facial disk with xanthous eyes that give it a fierce reflection . Its plumage is a mix of brown and white , with horizontal barring on the chest and perpendicular streak on the belly .
These bird of night inhabit boreal forests across North America , favor open woodlands with scattered trees . Their basal food reservoir is small mammalian like voles , but they also hunt bird and insects . Unlike many owl coinage , they rely more on sight than sound when hunting , scan the primer for social movement from their high rod .
Northern Hawk Owls have a distinctive call , a rolling “ hoo - hoo - hoo - hoo ” repeat chop-chop . male call most often during the breeding time of year , using their voice to shew territorial dominion and pull a mate . Despite their spectacular appearance and daytime habits , they remain elusive and are seldom see by birdwatchers .
Short-eared Owl
The Short - eared Owl ( Asio flammeus ) is a average - sized owl known for its wide - ranging home ground and unique hunting behavior . It has cloud chocolate-brown plumage , a pale case with yellow eyes , and little auricle tufts that are often barely visible . Its great , rounded annexe and floaty flight make it resemble a moth as it glides low over grasslands in search of target .
Unlike most owls , Short - eared Owls are active at break of day and dusk , making them easier to spot than nocturnal species . They prefer undefendable habitat like meadows , marshes , and grasslands across North America . Their diet primarily lie in of low rodents , especially voles , but they will also deplete birds and worm .
Their vocalizations let in soft hoots and big cat - alike vociferation , but they are broadly subdued outside the nurture time of year . If threatened near their nest , they may perform a distraction display by feigning injury to tempt predators away . These earth - nest bird of Minerva face threats from home ground loss , but they remain widespread due to their adaptability .
Peregrine Falcon
The Peregrine Falcon ( Falco peregrinus ) is the immobile brute on Earth , open of reaching stop number of over 200 mph ( 320 km / h ) during its hunting stoop . It has a sleek , muscular organic structure , long pointed flank , and a classifiable black “ helmet ” marking on its head . Its plumage is bluish - greyish on the back and barred white on the bottom .
These falcons thrive in various surround , from coastal cliffs to urban skyscrapers , where they cuddle and hunt . They are widely distributed across North America , often seen soar up eminent above city and unfastened landscapes . Their elemental prey is birds , including pigeons and duck’s egg , which they strike mid - aura with deathly precision .
Peregrine Falcons produce a series of penetrating , high - cant calls , particularly during courtship or when maintain their nest . Their populations refuse due to pesticide purpose in the mid-20th century , but stiff conservation attempt have helped them retrieve , make them a true winner taradiddle in wildlife conservation .
American Kestrel
The American Kestrel ( Falco sparverius ) is the smallest falcon in North America , about the size of a robin . Despite its diminutive stature , it is a fierce and agile hunter . Male have excise blue - grizzly wings and rusty - orange backs , while female person are more uniformly brown . Both sexes have black facial markings resemble burnside .
American Kestrels inhabit open fields , grasslands , and even suburban areas , often run across roost on wires or hover in place while hunt . They feed on a variety of prey , admit insects , humble mammalian , and birds . They are also acknowledge to take down target as large as sparrows in mid - line .
Their call is a high - incline “ klee - klee - klee , ” which is often heard during the breeding season . While they are uncouth across the United States , home ground loss and pesticide vulnerability have led to decline populations in some areas . Providing nest box has help plunk for kestrel populations in certain regions .
Prairie Falcon
The Prairie Falcon ( Falco mexicanus ) is a powerful raptorial bird aboriginal to the open landscapes of western North America . Similar in show to the Peregrine Falcon , it has a sandy - dark-brown back and dark “ mustache ” markings on its fount . Unlike its near relative , the Prairie Falcon prefers ironical , open habitats such as grasslands and deserts .
These falcons are skilled Orion , prey on birds and small mammals . They are know for their high - speed pursuits , diving rapidly to catch fair game . They also engage in playful behavior , sometimes carrying objects like rocks or manure and strike down them mid - flight , possibly as a way to perfect their hunting science .
Prairie Falcons are generally soundless but will let loose a speedy “ kik - kik - kik ” when support their dominion . They draw close on cliff ledge and bouldery outcrops , avoiding heavily forested areas . Their reliance on huge open quad makes them vulnerable to habitat change , but they remain a prominent predator in the American West .
Bald Eagle
The Bald Eagle ( Haliaeetus leucocephalus ) is one of the most recognizablebirds in North Americaand has been the national symbolization of the United States since 1782 . These large raptorial bird are primarily find near bodies of water , where they can hunt their preferred prey — fish . Their striking appearance include a blank caput and tush , counterpoint with a dark chocolate-brown body and wings , and their powerfulyellow beakadds to their majestic presence .
Bald Eagles live a variety of wetland environment , including lake , river , coasts , and marshes . They necessitate tall trees for nesting and perch , making forest near gravid water trunk ideal habitats . Though once on the verge of defunctness due to pesticide poisoning , conservation cause have successfully restore their population across the United States .
Despite their imposing appearance , Bald Eagles have a astonishingly weak call that resemble a serial publication of high - pitched whistles and trills . Their vocalizations are often overshadowed by their spectacular ethereal displays and impressive hunting skill , making them an imperishable symbol of posture and exemption .
Merlin
The Merlin ( Falco columbarius ) is a humble but violent falcon that can be regain across North America . It has a thick , stocky build , precipitously pointed wing , and a medium - length tail . male display blue - gray upperparts , while female person and juveniles are brown with streaked underpart . These falcons are cognise for their rapid wingbeats and sinewy flight of steps .
Merlins prefer capable habitat such as grassland , forest boundary , and coastal area . Unlike other falcons , they do not build their own nest but instead utilize give up nests of crows and hawks . Their diet consists primarily of small bird , which they capture mid - flight using surprise attacks . They are also known to hunt insects andsmall mammals .
These bird of prey are generally silent , but during courtship or when defending their district , they emit a high - pitched , speedy “ klee - klee - klee ” call . Though not commonly catch due to their elusive nature , Merlins play an important role in maintaining ecological equilibrium by controlling boo population .
Golden Eagle
The Golden Eagle ( Aquila chrysaetos ) is one of the most powerful raptors in North America . It is named for the golden - brown feathers on the back of its head and neck , which contrast with its saturnine brown dead body . These eagle have large , broad wings and feathered legs that extend down to their talon — a feature that secernate them from Bald Eagles .
Golden Eagles prefer open landscapes such as mountains , cliffs , and grasslands . They in the first place prey on diminished to intermediate - sized mammals , admit rabbits , hares , ground squirrels , and prairie dog . However , they are capable of taking down large animal , including deer fawns and coyote , using their incredible speed and strength .
Despite their redoubtable hunting skills , Golden Eagles have relatively watery , high - pitched outcry that resemble whistles . They are typically silent , relying more on their keen eyesight and fleet escape to maintain dominance in their district . These magnificent birds continue to expand in remote and rugged regions across North America .
Turkey Vulture
The Turkey Vulture ( Cathartes aura ) is one of the most widespread scavenger in North America . It is easily recognized by its large sizing , disconsolate feather , and featherlessred head , which give it a resemblance to a Wild Turkey . Turkey Vultures have long , spacious wing with a distinctive two - toned appearance , making them easy to describe in flight .
These razzing rely on their exceptional sensory faculty of smell to situate carrion , detecting disintegrate beast from several miles away . They choose refreshing carcasses and will often go far at a internet site apace after an animal ’s death . Turkey Vultures can be chance in a wide range of habitats , from woodland and grasslands to deserts and suburban area .
To mold their body temperature , Turkey Vultures defecate on their legs , a behaviour that helps cool them down . When threatened , they may regurgitate partly abide solid food as a defence mechanics . Though their alimentation drug abuse may seem unappealing , Turkey Vultures wreak a crucial role in make clean up the environment by devour dead animals .
Swallow-tailed Kite
The Swallow - tailed Kite ( Elanoides forficatus ) is one of the most gymnastic and graceful raptors base in North America . These spectacular hoot are easily recognized by their foresighted , deeply forked black stern , pointed wings , and contrast white underparts . They are most commonly seen soar graciously through the sky , do tight turn and sudden honkytonk .
Swallow - tailed Kites breed in the southeastern United States , peculiarly in Florida and the Gulf Coast . However , they only stay on for a few months before migrating back to South America for the winter . Their preferred home ground let in swamps , fenland , and afforest river corridor .
These raptors have a unique diet that includes insect , small reptiles , and even sting insect like wasps . They are be intimate to snatch entire wasp nest and play them back to their youthful for feeding . Despite their skillful hunt abilities , they rarely perch in open area , making them a challenge to spot when not in flight .
White-tailed Kite
The White - tailed Kite ( Elanus leucurus ) is a small but striking bird of prey commonly found in open landscapes of the western United States . These birds are predominantly clean with soft gray upperparts and black patch on their shoulder joint . Their name derive from their long , staring white tail , which is most seeable in flight .
White - tailed Kites favor grasslands , fen , and open forest where they hunt small mammal , lizards , and birds . They have a distinctive hunting mode , hovering in lieu while look the wind and scan for prey . This behavior , known as “ kiting , ” piss them one of the most unique raptors to observe .
Although these kites are not particularly vocal , they grow a high up - pitched “ peee ” sound when communicating . Their population is stable , and they are often seen in pairs or small-scale mob groups , in particular during breeding season . These elegant snort continue to thrive in regions with abundant open blank space and suitable nesting sites .
Black Vulture
The Black Vulture ( Coragyps atratus ) is a extremely societal scavenger find in the southerly and easterly United States . It has a distinctive appearance with fateful plume , a short , squared tail , and a wrinkle , featherless gray - bootleg school principal . These vultures have shorter wingspread than Turkey Vultures but are more aggressive when competing for nutrient .
Unlike Turkey Vultures , which rely heavily on their sense of smell , Black Vultures locate carrion by watching other scavengers . They often trace Turkey predator to carcasses and then use their superscript numbers to dominate the feeding site . In addition to scavenging , Black Vultures have been do it to prey on small animal , including livestock .
Black vulture are monogamous and maintain strong menage chemical bond , often stay with their mate for life . They nest in hide locations such as caves , hollow trees , and slow flora , without using nesting materials . These vultures pass along using grunts and hisses , as they lack the vocal structures to produce complex calls . Their adaptability has allowed them to thrive in both rural and urban environs .
Gyrfalcon
The Gyrfalcon ( Falco rusticolus ) is the largest falcon metal money in the existence and an impressive raptor of the Arctic . The right pronunciation of its name is “ JER - falcon , ” with a soft “ J ” strait . These powerful birds are lie with for their striking plumage , which depart from nearly all - white to dark gray . Their magnanimous size of it , all-encompassing wings , and strong build make them exceptional huntsman .
Gyrfalcons breed in removed regions of Alaska and Canada , often nuzzle on cliffsides . They primarily raven on ptarmigans , but they also track down other birdie and little mammal . During winter , they may migrate southerly in search of food , though their movements vary every year .
Unlike many other falcons , gyrfalcon do not make high - pitched calls . or else , their alarm call consist of a coarse “ kak kak kak ” speech sound . Due to their outback habitats , sightings of these magnificent birds are rare , making them a prized clash for birdwatchers .
Crested Caracara
The Crested Caracara ( Caracara plancus ) is a unique bird of target that slur the line between falcon and vultures . While technically a falcon , its show and behavior often conduct people to mistake it for a hawk . Adding to the confusion , Crested Caracaras in the first place flow on carrion , much like vulture , and are often look scavenge alongside them .
One of the best post to find Crested Caracaras is in reality on the footing . Unlike most falcon , they drop considerable metre take the air and even run after prey , include reptiles , insects , and small mammals . They are also known to raid razz nest for eggs and young chick .
In the United States , Crested Caracaras are mainly come up in Texas , Florida , and Arizona , but they are much more mutual in Mexico and South America . Their distinctive fateful - and - white feather , promising orangish facial peel , and prominent crest make them promiscuous to identify in the natural state .
California Condor
The California Condor ( Gymnogyps californianus ) is one of the rarest birds on the planet and boasts the largest wingspread of any North American raptor , accomplish up to 9.5 feet ( 290 centimeter ) . These massive scavenger were once far-flung across the westerly United States , but habitat red ink , poaching , and lead toxic condition drove them to extinction in the wild by 1987 .
Fortunately , an intensive training and reintroduction program save the species from complete extinction . Biologists removed the first ball lay by each condor pair , encouraging them to lie a 2nd orchis . The first egg was raise by humans using condor puppets to preclude imprinting . By 1991 , captive - spawn condors were reintroduced to California , follow by Arizona in 1996 .
Today , California Condors are easy recovering , with over 300 soul living in the wild . These birds mainly inhabit rugged mountain regions , feeding exclusively on carrion . Despite their tremendous size , they are graceful fliers , soaring for 60 minutes without beat their wings .
